Access to electricity is a cornerstone of economic and social development. In Zambia’s rural areas, electrification can unlock opportunities for businesses, schools, and healthcare facilities, improving overall quality of life. Recognising this, the Rural Electrification Master Plan (REMP)—first developed in 2008 with support from the Japanese International Cooperation Agency (JICA)—has served as Zambia’s strategic framework for expanding electricity access in rural communities.
However, much has changed over the past 15 years. Population growth, technological advancements and shifting energy policies have made it necessary to update the plan to ensure electrification efforts remain effective and sustainable. The ongoing revision of the REMP reflects these evolving needs and a reassessment of the rural electrification strategy, positioning Zambia to achieve universal electricity access by 2030, in alignment with national goals.
Key Considerations in Updating the REMP
1. Adapting to Zambia’s Changing Landscape
Since the initial REMP’s initial development, Zambia has undergone significant demographic and geographic shifts, including the creation of new provinces and a rising population. These changes have increased the demand for electricity in rural areas, requiring a re-evaluation of electrification strategies to ensure that all rural areas are included in future expansion efforts.
2. Harnessing Technological Advancements
Fifteen years ago, solar photovoltaic technology was costly and limited in its application. The technological landscape for electrification has evolved dramatically over the past decade. Today, decreased costs of solar PV have made it a significantly more viable solution. The updated REMP will integrate these advancements and other advancements, recognising solar power, mini-grids and other renewables as cost-effective alternatives to meet rural electrification needs.
3. Aligning with National and Universal Access Goals
The government of Zambia has set an ambitious universal access to electricity by 2030 as part of its national energy policy, aligning with Sustainable Development Goal 7 (SDG7). This goal requires an updated strategy that addresses current electrification gaps and considers future population growth, economic development as well as technological trends. The original target of 51% electricity access by 2030 is now viewed as insufficient, and the updated REMP aims to accelerate progress towards achieving full access.
4. Incorporation Social, Economic and Climate Considerations
The new REMP incorporates broader social and environmental factors, ensuring electrification efforts are inclusive and sustainable. Key will be the social inclusion of women, youth and people with disabilities, and building resilience to climate change impacts, ensuring a more holistic and sustainable approach to rural electrification. The new REMP additionally explores new and innovative business models to ensure longterm financial viability of rural electrification projects. By addressing these factors, the plan aims to deliver more than just electricity access, it seeks to empower communities through job creation, support sustainable development, and enhance resilience in the face of climate change.
Progress and Next Steps
The Rural Electrification Authority (REA) has made significant progress in the revising the REMP, with a draft report released in December of 2024. The final version is now undergoing stakeholder consultation and is expected to be officially launched by mid-2025. As Zambia moves toward universal
access, the updated REMP will play a crucial role in shaping the country’s sustainable energy future, leveraging modern technologies and inclusive policies to ensure no community is left behind.